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Which Of The Following Statements Best Describes The Changing Ownership Patterns In American Media

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Section 4: Sample Selected-Response Questions
Journalism 7–12 (256)

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This department presents some sample exam questions for you to review as part of your preparation for the exam. To demonstrate how each competency may be assessed, sample questions are accompanied by the competency that they measure. While studying, you may wish to read the competency earlier and subsequently y'all consider each sample question. Please note that the competency statements do not announced on the actual exam.

For each sample exam question, in that location is a correct respond and a rationale for each respond option. The sample questions are included to illustrate the formats and types of questions you will see on the test; nonetheless, your performance on the sample questions should not be viewed as a predictor of your operation on the bodily exam.

Domain I—Mass Media and Communication

Competency 001—The teacher understands the historical development of journalism in the United States.

1. Which of the post-obit prominent journalism figures is oftentimes credited with advancing the practice known as yellow journalism by famously helping to propel the Usa into war with Spain?

  1. John Peter Zenger
  2. Benjamin Franklin
  3. William Randolph Hearst
  4. Edward R. Murrow
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Respond expanded
Option C is right considering William Randolph Hearst is widely regarded as one of the major figures credited with advancing the practice of yellow journalism. In addition, it was Hearst's New York Periodical, and non rival Joseph Pulitzer'south New York World, that sensationalized coverage of events in Republic of cuba and prompted what became the Spanish-American War. Pick A is incorrect because equally a result of his trial, John Peter Zenger is a historical effigy associated with libel and not yellow journalism, a term that wasn't coined until about 150 years after his death. Option B is wrong considering Benjamin Franklin also predates yellow journalism and is non 1 of the figures associated with the exercise. Option D is wrong because Edward R. Murrow was a mid-twentieth-century journalist whose career took place much later on than the practice here referenced.

2. Prior to 1980, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) maintained strict rules on circulate media buying. Since then, the FCC has eliminated most of those restrictions through a procedure called

  1. deregulation.
  2. convergence.
  3. vertical integration.
  4. media concentration.
Enter to expand or plummet answer. Answer expanded
Option A is correct because deregulation is the FCC's process of withdrawing regulatory restrictions on circulate media ownership. This procedure began in 1980 with the loosening of strict rules concerning broadcast media buying. Option B is incorrect considering convergence is the melding of the communications, computer and electronics industries. Option C is wrong because vertical integration is an effort by i visitor to simultaneously control related aspects of the media business. Pick D is wrong because media concentration is what some debate happens as a result of deregulation.

3. Which of the following journalists is famous for exposing the squalid weather of New York's Blackwell Island Asylum and sparking reform around the state?

  1. Nellie Bly
  2. Cokie Roberts
  3. Louisa Knapp Curtis
  4. Ida Tarbell
Enter to expand or collapse reply. Respond expanded
Option A is correct considering Nellie Bly feigned insanity in 1887 in club to expose the squalid atmospheric condition of New York'due south Blackwell Island Aviary and sparked reform around the country. Option B is incorrect because Cokie Roberts was a journalist who was nearly famous for her political commentary and syndicated columns. Option C is incorrect because Louisa Knapp Curtis is best known for publishing the Ladies Dwelling house Journal. Option D is incorrect because Ida Tarbell is best known for investigative reporting that exposed the unfair practices of the Standard Oil Company, leading to a United States Supreme Court decision to break its monopoly.

Competency 002—The instructor understands the role of mass media in society.

4. Which of the following best describes an effect of cross-media ownership in contemporary journalism?

  1. Chains emerge when ane media visitor takes over some other type of media company.
  2. Contest arises when similar types of media companies merge.
  3. Conglomerates course when one media company buys out some other type of media company.
  4. Advertizing increases profitability when i media company shares services with competitors.
Enter to expand or collapse reply. Answer expanded
Choice C is correct because conglomerates are international companies that own different types of media across unlike platforms. They are the effect of cross-media buying, which is the term applied to the practice of 1 media visitor buying out some other blazon of media company. Option A is wrong because chains are companies that own many media companies across i type of medium. They are not an example of cross-media ownership. Option B is incorrect because competition has not been shown to rise when similar media companies merge. In addition, although competition is some other aspect of the economic reality of contemporary journalism, information technology is not a suitable caption for the effect of cross-media ownership. Choice D is wrong considering the profitability of advertising is likewise not a suitable caption for the effect of cantankerous-media buying.

Competency 003—The instructor understands the skills needed to evaluate mass media letters and to be a critical, informed consumer of mass media.

5. In a journalism grade, students are reviewing media messages in various telly commercials which try to persuade consumers to buy different products. To best hone in on how the commercials are influencing viewers' opinions about the products, students should consider which of the following questions as they view each commercial?

  1. What important data is left out of the message?
  2. What does this commercial remind yous of from your own life?
  3. When was this commercial created?
  4. Who is the director of the commercial?
Enter to expand or plummet answer. Answer expanded
Option A is right because this question applies to the content of the message. Awareness of the message and the meaning behind what is presented is a central factor in understanding the content of a message. Option B is incorrect because the question focuses more than on helping students make personal connections to the commercial than having them strop in on the influential value of the commercial. Options C and D are wrong considering they focus more than on the authorship of the commercial rather than the bulletin delivered.

six. Ms. Potello wants her students to become more than critical of information they find online. She asks them to search the Internet for articles about the latest treatments for mutual diseases. One pupil discovers an article that describes the benefits of an innovative new treatment for diabetes. Which of the following steps volition help students evaluate the legitimacy of the merits? Select all start underline all end underline that use.

  1. Summarizing the various causes of diabetes listed in the article
  2. Creating a fourth dimension line showing the development of treatments that are described in the commodity
  3. Researching the background of the commodity's author and sponsors
  4. Analyzing the testimonials of satisfied customers listed in the article
  5. Comparing the benefits of the treatment listed in the article with the benefits listed in other articles on the topic
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Reply expanded
Option C is correct considering determining the backgrounds of both the source and the sponsors of the source is a critical stride in evaluating the legitimacy of a claim. Through this research, answers to questions such as "Is this person qualified to make such claims?" and "What is the motivation of this person to make this claim?" are revealed. Option East is correct because confirming that other legitimate sources are making the same claims will ameliorate the legitimacy of the initial commodity. Pick A is incorrect because only summarizing the causes of diabetes listed in the article will not assistance students in evaluating the legitimacy of the claims. Option B is wrong because creating a fourth dimension line will only be summarizing what is stated in the article, not confirming the legitimacy of the claim. Option D is incorrect because customer testimonials are opinions and cannot serve equally proof for the legitimacy of a claim.

Competency 004—The teacher understands and applies noesis of legal and upstanding principles relevant to journalistic media.

7. In which of the following instances is prior restraint deemed justified past the United states of america Supreme Court?

  1. When there are allegations against the president of the United states
  2. When a court case has not yet gone to trial
  3. When someone's life is in danger
  4. When troop movements are publicized in fourth dimension of war
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
Selection D is correct because in Nigh five. Minnesota in 1931, the court ruled that the authorities may limit data about troop movements in time of war. Option A is incorrect because on several occasions the media has brought to light allegations confronting United States presidents. Pick B is incorrect considering the news media often reports facts in court cases earlier they go to trial. Option C is incorrect because news often concerns life and death situations, and this has not been found to justify prior restraint.

eight. Which of the post-obit best describes the impact of the Hazelwood Schoolhouse District five. Kuhlmeier decision on schoolhouse newspapers?

  1. Schools may not limit what is published in their newspapers under any circumstances.
  2. Schools may not limit what is published in their newspapers unless there is risk of imminent physical harm.
  3. Schools may limit what is published in their newspapers if the content causes legitimate bookish distress.
  4. Schools may limit what is published in their newspapers if the primary feels the school will be cast in a negative light.
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Respond expanded
Option C is right because under the Supreme Court ruling, schools retain the right to reject to sponsor voice communication that is "inconsistent with 'the shared values of a civilized social order.'" Educators may practice this right so long as their actions are "reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns," which would be feature of content that causes academic distress. Choice A is wrong considering schools may limit what is published in their newspapers under some circumstances. Option B is wrong because imminent danger is non the benchmark ready forth by the decision, and schools may limit what is published in their newspapers if there are "legitimate pedagogical concerns." Choice D is incorrect because schools may but limit content if "legitimate pedagogical concerns" are present, which must exist evidenced by more than a general concern by the principal about negative publicity.

Domain II—Journalistic Writing and Photojournalism

Competency 005—The teacher understands skills for gathering information using journalistic inquiry, interviews and news judgment and develops students' ability to apply these skills to create various journalistic products.

9. Olivia, a loftier schoolhouse inferior, has simply finished a paper for her journalism form. She has paraphrased and cited sources in her bibliography to the best of her power, but as she rereads the paper, she is concerned about possible plagiarism. If she brings the paper to her teacher for advice, which of the post-obit is the best response by the teacher to help Olivia avoid any plagiarism problems?

  1. Suggesting that another student review Olivia'due south paper to identify erroneous data
  2. Recommending that Olivia utilize specific names rather than pronouns in the newspaper to avoid ambiguity
  3. Directing Olivia to analyze her sources and exclude sources that are not necessary for commendation
  4. Encouraging Olivia to create an annotated bibliography to avoid whatever confusion about cited information
Enter to expand or collapse respond. Respond expanded
Option B is correct because one of the offset steps in addressing plagiarism concerns is to identify to whom the words on the page belong. By recommending that Olivia review her apply of pronouns and instead proper name specific people (such equally the writer of a quote), the instructor is helping Olivia place those parts of the newspaper that are hers and those that are from one of her sources. This step will result in a clearer newspaper that properly differentiates between Olivia's words and those of her sources. Option A is incorrect because having a peer identify possible plagiarism concerns does not properly bus Olivia in accomplishing that task for herself. This option also complicates the process considering it introduces a third party who may not be helpful in resolving the issue. Option C is incorrect because if the newspaper is ambiguous in its attributions, irresolute the sources volition not help the situation. The trouble lies not with Olivia's sources merely with how she incorporated those sources into her own writing. Choice D is incorrect considering although an annotated bibliography tin help with cited sources, this particular step will non help Olivia place possible instances of plagiarism in her paper.

10. A student reporter is interviewing the superintendent and the high school principal for a story about the school'due south building expansion project. Which of the post-obit is the about advisable way for the student to generate questions for the story?

  1. Including sensationalist questions to generate quotable material for the news story
  2. Asking open-ended questions and researching the project before the interview
  3. Using as few questions equally possible and asking each question multiple times
  4. Having an editor prepare the wording of the questions
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Respond expanded
Option B is correct considering asking open up-ended questions, especially later on having researched the topic, will promote the extended discussions of ideas. Option A is incorrect because sensationalist questions are not conducive to skilful journalism, which relies on facts and expert opinions. Option C is wrong because using few questions asked multiple times will go along the important information from being discussed in the interview. Option D is incorrect because an editor's job is to finalize the product of the interview, not the interview questions.

Competency 006—The teacher understands various forms of journalistic writing.

xi. Which of the following best describes a master deviation between feature stories and news stories?

  1. News stories usually include researched, cogitating, thoughtful writing about original ideas, while feature stories are short and direct.
  2. News stories by and large cover topics in depth and dilate the most interesting elements, while feature stories reveal merely information that is crucial to basic understanding.
  3. Feature stories employ the inverted pyramid fashion to explicate situations or occurrences, while news stories rely solely on facts that tin can be verified.
  4. Feature stories are human-interest articles that focus on particular people, places and events, while news stories report the latest news.
Enter to aggrandize or collapse answer. Reply expanded
Selection D is correct because the deviation between news stories that written report the latest breaking news and characteristic stories that focus on telling in-depth human-interest stories is accurately described in this option. Option A is incorrect considering this option reverses the roles of news stories and features. Option B is incorrect because features, and not news stories, delve in depth and dilate interesting elements. In improver, characteristic stories practice not reveal simply basic information. Option C is incorrect because the inverted pyramid is an attribute of news stories, not features.

Competency 007—The teacher understands methods for developing students' power to use journalistic writing and editing to create journalistic products.

12. Which of the following best demonstrates the journalistic principles of headline writing?

  1. Controversial $20 million school budget passes in four to 3 vote
  2. Schoolhouse board discussed new budget during intense meeting
  3. Millions of tax dollars wasted by schoolhouse board in new budget
  4. $20 million canonical! School lath votes in favor of pupil success
Enter to expand or collapse reply. Answer expanded
Option A is correct because specific details about the corporeality of the budget and the close vote reflect the of import news. The word "controversial" helps describe the situation, simply does non editorialize by offering an stance. The active verb construction and present tense are too desirable. Pick B is incorrect considering the headline does not report the bodily news of the budget's passage and is in past tense. Selection C is incorrect because like news stories, headlines should be objective. The use of the word "wasted" reflects the headline writer'due south opinion. Option D is incorrect considering the phrase "votes in favor of student success" is vague and has an editorial connotation that the budget was a good conclusion.

13. A journalism teacher is reviewing tips on writing amend leads. The teacher presents the class with different leads to the aforementioned story near a wintertime snowstorm.

  1. One quarter of an inch.
    That's all the snow it took to send cars sliding into ditches during a surprise spring snowstorm.
  2. Old human wintertime is back over again.
    Students at Morse High School were amazed to see snow falling yesterday in a rare jump storm.

The teacher asks the students to choose 1 atomic number 82 and explain why information technology is the best. Using this strategy helps the students realize that

  1. leads must exist complete sentences.
  2. "when" and "where" must always be addressed in the atomic number 82.
  3. "why" and "how" are more important in leads than "who" and "what."
  4. using "who" in the lead is very important, especially when the story concerns students.
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
Option C is correct because using "why" and "how" creates a picture in the reader's mind. This approach offers intrigue and attracts the reader to the story. Option A is incorrect because stylistically, phrases are adequate in some cases. Selection B is incorrect because "when" and "where" leads are mostly weak unless they concern an of import factor in the story. Although in certain situations "when" and "where" may be addressed in the atomic number 82, this is certainly not ever the example. Option D is wrong because using "who" in leads is not a good journalistic practice for a student newspaper, where generally all of the stories business organization students.

14. Which of the following is a principal reason for students to utilise a journalism stylebook?

  1. It recommends basic outlines and structures for journalists based on mutual practices in the field.
  2. It provides essential principles for both conventional language and journalistic techniques.
  3. It offers instruction and assignments that classroom teachers can use to educate young journalists.
  4. It presents examples of outstanding journalistic works for students to use as models and inspiration.
Enter to expand or collapse reply. Answer expanded
Pick B is right considering a stylebook provides bones guidelines for issues of grammar and journalistic manner. Option A is wrong because, although a stylebook may characteristic some common practices in its guidelines, common practices are non the basis of the guidelines. Option C is incorrect because educating immature journalists is the purpose of a textbook. Option D is incorrect considering, while models of strong journalistic works may be in a style guide, it is not a primary reason for using i. An anthology of outstanding journalistic works would contain such models.

Competency 008—The teacher understands principles, procedures and techniques of photojournalism.

xv. A student is taking photos for a newspaper article most a rash of jail cell telephone thefts on campus. An anonymous source provides a tip every bit to where the missing cell phones may be establish. The student believes that it is possible to apply a zoom lens and capture a photograph of possible evidence through a window at some other student's house. Which of the post-obit is the most appropriate response by the teacher to the student?

  1. Encouraging the student to become the clearest possible photo
  2. Recommending that the student select a different story to pursue
  3. Accompanying the student to make sure nothing goes wrong
  4. Explaining to the pupil why taking the photo would be unethical and potentially illegal
Enter to aggrandize or plummet answer. Answer expanded
Option D is correct because taking an unauthorized photograph through a window could be considered invasion of privacy. The adviser should explain the unethical and potentially criminal aspects of this idea. Option A is incorrect because a teacher should not encourage students to invade privacy or be unethical in pursuit of a story. Option B is incorrect because an adviser should not recommend that students dorsum downwardly from stories simply because they are difficult. Option C is incorrect considering the teacher should not accompany a pupil to exercise something that could exist considered illegal or unethical.

16. The post-obit is the get-go sentence of the caption that a photo editor created for a photo from a school bake sale.

"The Student Council sells the last red velvet cupcake during the bake sale final Fri."

Which of the post-obit is the nigh appropriate feedback to requite the photo editor to meliorate the explanation?

  1. Avoid incongruity past using the fourth dimension element as adjectival information. Suggested improvement: "The Educatee Council sells the final cherry-red velvet cupcake of last Friday'due south bake auction."
  2. Provide proper attribution past identifying the photographer. Suggested improvement: "In this photo, by junior Sam Roccia, the Educatee Quango sells the last red velvet cupcake during the bake sale last Fri."
  3. Prevent confusion by identifying the purpose of the bake sale. Suggested improvement: "The Student Council sells the last ruby-red velvet cupcake during the bake sale concluding Friday in order to raise funds for local shelters."
  4. Acknowledge the oldest students in the photograph. Suggested comeback: "Seniors Kelly Rapur and Carlos Ortiz sell the concluding reddish velvet cupcake to a sophomore during the bake sale last Friday."
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Reply expanded
Option A is correct because this caption properly includes information that informs the reader about the action pictured. This selection avoids the incongruity of the original where the activeness pictured is described as simultaneously taking identify in the present and last Friday. Pick B is wrong because the lensman should be identified at the end of the caption, non in the commencement judgement. Selection C is incorrect considering the first sentence of a caption should describe the activity in the photograph. Secondary information, such as how the proceeds will be used, should be included in the sentences that follow. Option D is incorrect because acknowledging people in the photo based on popularity is not a adept journalistic practice.

Competency 009—The instructor understands methods for developing students' ability to create effective images for journalistic products.

17. A educatee photographer is disappointed with the photos from a recent shoot. The student sits downwards and evaluates the photos with the teacher who says they lack dimension. Which of the following should the student do next time to best ameliorate photo composition?

  1. Move to the side of the subject field to show unlike planes.
  2. Add more forepart light to highlight the subject.
  3. Use a improve camera to best capture the image.
  4. Ask the subject to become outside to use natural light.
Enter to expand or plummet answer. Reply expanded
Option A is right because including images in the foreground, heart-ground and background creates depth and 3-dimensionality. This is as well the only pick that addresses composition. Option B is incorrect considering additional front lighting will flatten the paradigm even more. Choice C is incorrect because while this may better the quality of the photo, information technology won't improve photo composition. Option D is incorrect because while natural calorie-free may improve the color, it will not change the composition of the photograph.

18. Erin and Allison are trying to photo their schoolhouse from the pinnacle of a hill, but they are having a difficult time with the picture scale. Which of the following techniques should they employ to best draw scale and mural?

  1. Using a human being figure
  2. Establishing a groundwork
  3. Using the Rule of Thirds
  4. Using a horizontal line
Enter to aggrandize or collapse answer. Respond expanded
Selection A is correct because using a human effigy volition help the students establish the scale and landscape necessary to create an effective photograph. Option B is incorrect because establishing a background makes the subject stand out but is not the best manner to address the issue of scale. Selection C is incorrect because although the Rule of Thirds will create a strong center of interest, information technology will not accost the scale of the photo. Option D is incorrect considering using a horizontal line divides an prototype but will not help establish the necessary scale for the photograph.

Domain Iii—Student-produced Media

Competency 010—The teacher understands principles, elements, tools and techniques of publication and design.

19. The yearbook staff wants to increase the number of pages in the yearbook. Adding pages requires making adjustments to the

  1. gutter.
  2. ladder.
  3. endsheet.
  4. template.
Enter to expand or collapse respond. Answer expanded
Choice B is correct because the term "ladder" refers to a chart that represents the pages in a book. Option A is incorrect considering the gutter is the inner space between two pages of a spread where the paper runs into the spine. Option C is incorrect considering an endsheet is a heavy sheet of paper that attaches the book to its cover. Selection D is incorrect because a template is a master page that helps ensure consistency.

xx. Which of the following elements is well-nigh directly responsible for creating a focal point in a blueprint?

  1. Harmony
  2. Dominance
  3. Diverseness
  4. Residue
Enter to aggrandize or collapse answer. Answer expanded
Option B is correct because dominance refers to the focus given to a specific part of a work or a design. Option A is incorrect considering harmony refers to the elements of a pattern that work together. Choice C is incorrect considering diversity gives an artwork interest and validity, but it is not typically related to the focal betoken. Option D is incorrect because residual refers to the distribution of elements.

21. The yearbook editor is completing the layout using a desktop publishing programme. The editor realizes that the re-create will not fit in the designated dummy. The best solution for fitting the copy is to

  1. ignore the dummy.
  2. tighten the tracking.
  3. increment white space.
  4. edit the copy.
Enter to aggrandize or plummet answer. Reply expanded
Choice B is correct because tightening the tracking decreases the corporeality of space between letters, which increases the amount of text that will fit. Option A is incorrect because the dummy is the pattern needed to lay out a folio and should non be ignored. Option C is incorrect because increasing white space leaves less room available for text. Option D is incorrect because editing the copy eliminates text and raises other issues.

Competency 011—The teacher understands methods for developing students' power to use publication blueprint skills to create effective, aesthetically pleasing pupil publications.

22. A student reporter has submitted a headline along with a front-page story. The layout editor does non believe the headline will fit on the page, given the headline schedule and specific cavalcade width assigned. Which of the post-obit is the all-time way the adviser tin can help the student reporter determine if the headline is the correct size?

  1. Utilizing a ruler measurement
  2. Counting the number of characters
  3. Using the unit count system
  4. Press information technology out and adjusting if needed
Enter to aggrandize or plummet reply. Answer expanded
Option C is correct considering the unit count system is an accustomed standard by which to measure out headline size. Choice A is incorrect because measuring with a ruler is not efficient and is not a sound journalistic practice. Option B is incorrect considering different characters have different widths. Option D is incorrect because press a front page layout to conform is not an effective or efficient mode to brand this determination.

23. Which of the following should be the first consideration when designing a print advertisement to promote a product?

  1. Using a variety of decorative fonts when displaying the product
  2. Minimizing the amount of white space surrounding the product
  3. Describing how a competing production is ineffective
  4. Focusing on the do good of the product for the audience
Enter to expand or collapse reply. Reply expanded
Choice D is right because the benefit to a customer is one of the most basic elements of advertising. An effective advertisement must highlight the benefits to the audience. Option A is incorrect because common pattern guidelines encourage designers to use decorative fonts sparingly. Including iii decorative fonts in a single ad will crusade conflict in the blueprint, non multifariousness. Selection B is incorrect because white space can be an constructive design tool and should not be arbitrarily limited. White space tin can help draw attending to important elements, and can make an ad neater and easier to read. Option C is incorrect because advertisers should refrain from making unsubstantiated claims about a competitor.

24. A pupil is designing an advertisement for the school paper. The student has written the re-create, taken a analogous photo, created the graphics and located the logo. The all-time side by side step in the layout process is to

  1. develop the headline for the advertisement.
  2. insert the visitor's logo into the advertisement.
  3. size the page of the advert.
  4. crop the photo for the advertisement.
Enter to expand or collapse respond. Respond expanded
Choice B is correct because adding the logo beginning ensures that the educatee volition secure the proper amount of space for the logo and other identifying information. In this fashion, the student will not have to squeeze the logo in at the stop of the process and run a risk having an ad where the company information is hard to read. Selection A is incorrect because if the headline is too large, other important information volition not fit properly. Option C is incorrect because the copy can be reduced if other important information, such as the logo, does not fit or is difficult to read. Pick D is incorrect because the photo can be cropped or resized if other of import data, such as the logo, does non fit or is difficult to read.

Competency 012—The teacher understands principles, procedures and techniques of circulate journalism and methods for developing students' ability to create effective broadcast productions.

25. Which of the following statements all-time describes the impact of technology on tv audiences during the 1980s and 1990s?

  1. New technologies began to split up audiences into smaller segments that eroded the dominance of television broadcasting.
  2. Idiot box dissemination became less influential equally audiences turned to social media for news and amusement.
  3. The consolidation of modest television networks led to broadcasting monopolies that resulted in fewer choices for audiences.
  4. Major television networks experienced rapid audience growth equally more than viewers subscribed to cablevision television.
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
Option A is correct because, as VCRs and cablevision television became popular, viewers had more choices. As a result, the major television networks became less influential, as they now had to compete with other outlets for audition share. Choice B is incorrect because social media did not emerge until later. Selection C is wrong because during the referenced fourth dimension period more television networks appeared rather than consolidated. Choice D is incorrect because the introduction of cablevision television set offered more than channels, thus shrinking the viewership of major television networks.

26. Broadcast students are producing a video news story well-nigh an upcoming community-wide parade celebrating the volleyball team'due south state title. They take conducted several interviews and demand to choose which sound bites to include. Which of the following sound bites targets the student audience using an emotional appeal?

  1. Principal: "Students will be excused from form at 2:xxx and should written report to the front parking lot to line up."
  2. Law officer: "Officers volition be present. Prophylactic is ever a major concern at a large event like this."
  3. Educatee: "Nosotros're pumped! I've got the imperial face paint and he'due south got the majestic wig. It'due south going to go crazy!"
  4. Volleyball player: "This is the first time in school history that the volleyball squad won state!"
Enter to expand or plummet answer. Answer expanded
Option C is correct because students are most likely engaged by their peers, and the sound bite conspicuously conveys the excitement over the team winning the state tournament. Options A, B and D are incorrect because they convey factual information, not emotional. In improver, options A and B feature speakers who are not likely to appoint the student audience, while option D contains a "why" of the story that should be included in the lead, not in a audio bite.

Domain IV—Journalism in the School Customs

Competency 013—The instructor understands the economics of educatee publications and methods for developing students' ability to utilize business management skills and procedures to produce and distribute journalistic products.

27. A center school unremarkably prints its newspaper in black and white, but for a special homecoming edition, the staff wants to add the school colour, purple, to the forepart page. Which of the following color systems is the almost advisable and to the lowest degree expensive to impress?

  1. Cyan, magenta, yellow and black (CMYK)
  2. Hue, saturation and lightness (HSL)
  3. Red, greenish and blue (RGB)
  4. Hue, saturation and value (HSV)
Enter to aggrandize or collapse reply. Answer expanded
Option A is correct because CMYK process printing uses the same base of operations colors all the time, making it a more than cost-constructive solution. CMYK is as well the industry standard for printers. Pick B is incorrect considering using spot colors is more expensive than process inks because of the actress production costs involved in "washing up" and changing out the ink in the press. Selection C is wrong because the RGB color model is what a monitor uses and is not advisable for print. Monitors show colors in RGB mode, but images are printed in CMYK format. Option D is incorrect because HSV describes the mode color is created on a monitor, not in print.

28. During a meeting with the chief, the school'south newspaper adviser and editor-in-chief learn that budget cuts are looming and that the school will no longer be able to finance the newspaper. Which of the following actions should be taken first to promote the long-term stability of the paper?

  1. Reducing the number of pages per edition
  2. Increasing advertising prices slightly for each edition
  3. Using more than staff fourth dimension to secure advertisements
  4. Requesting donations from the customs
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
Choice A is correct because even with fewer pages, advertising revenue will go along coming in. The best coverage volition be salvaged, as volition the quality and integrity of the newspaper. Pick B is incorrect because raising ad prices will drive some advertisers away, which will non help the fiscal standing of the newspaper. Option C is incorrect because assigning more students to collect ads volition not necessarily result in more ads and will limit the time available for those students to complete journalistic writing. Option D is incorrect because donations are not a long-term solution for a newspaper. Although this option may work in the short-term, information technology is not the well-nigh effective course of action to keep the newspaper from shutting down.

Competency 014—The teacher understands methods for encouraging students' evolution of organizational, collaborative and leadership skills through the cosmos and distribution of journalistic products.

29. Which of the following strategies will best prepare first-twelvemonth journalism students for existence staff members and editors on the school paper?

  1. Having students shadow professional journalists working in the field
  2. Varying journalistic assignments and roles on a regular footing
  3. Ensuring that all assignments in the journalism textbook are completed
  4. Assigning a research project on the ethics and responsibilities of journalists
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Reply expanded
Option B is right because varied journalistic assignments will allow the students to experiment with different roles and learn a variety of necessary skills that will set up them for their roles as staff members and editors. Pick A is incorrect considering job shadowing is unremarkably a i-fourth dimension event that will not provide students with the skills they demand for their roles every bit staff members and editors. Option C is incorrect because the assignments in the textbook may non adequately prepare students with the skills they demand for their roles as staff members and editors. Selection D is incorrect because a research project on ethics and journalistic responsibilities is not plenty to provide students with the skills they need for their roles as staff members and editors.

30. A yearbook instructor organizes a staff field trip to an overnight yearbook army camp, where the students will have the opportunity to acquire various techniques and work together to come away with a theme. Which of the post-obit is the almost important do good of this practice?

  1. It allows for a theme to be decided on in a timely mode.
  2. It allows the teacher a way to assess the ideas of the students.
  3. It allows the students to collaborate and share ideas.
  4. It allows the staff to compare their ideas with the ideas of other groups.
Enter to expand or collapse answer. Respond expanded
Choice C is right because trips to workshops, camps or other outside activities are meant as a bonding experience for whatever yearbook staff. These kinds of trips give the staff an opportunity to partake in team-edifice activities, share ideas with one some other and ultimately work toward the specific goal of coming away with a theme. Selection A is wrong because, although the theme will be decided in a timely manner, this option overlooks the other goal of the trip, which is to encourage students to piece of work together. As such, option A is incomplete. Pick B is wrong because a army camp is not an optimal location to appraise student work. The goal here is for students to work through ideas and identify the best grade of action, which will be negatively complicated by assessments. Option D is incorrect considering, although information technology is beneficial for the students to compare their ideas with the ideas of staffs from other schools, the main purpose of the camp is to learn new techniques and come away with a theme. Engaging with other groups does not necessarily help the staff reach that goal.

Competency 015—The teacher understands methods for advising and mentoring students and ways of working collaboratively with others in the school and community.

31. A journalism instructor has started a student paper at school, and students in the journalism course will be directly involved in its production. To assistance students become more comfortable with the demands of being on a paper staff, the instructor arranges to have them visit the city'south local newspaper part. Yet, a few parents take questioned the educational value of the field trip. Which of the following volition all-time help the teacher resolve the situation?

  1. Excluding the students whose parents objected
  2. Request parents to submit their concerns in writing
  3. Having the city paper staff visit the classroom instead
  4. Explaining the purpose of the trip to parents and inviting them to join
Enter to expand or plummet answer. Answer expanded
Option D is correct because the all-time way to approach the issue is to invite the parents to run across firsthand the educational value of the trip. In addition to allowing parents to understand what their children will exist asked to do over the class of the year, the feel will be successful in getting parental back up throughout the school year. Option A is incorrect because this exercise is likely to alienate students. Also, the goal of the trip is to generate interest, not create barriers between students and their newspaper. Option B is wrong because although parents may be able to voice their doubts, it volition not assistance them understand the tasks involved in producing a newspaper or build their involvement in it. Getting parent feedback is a good idea, but it does non fully solve the state of affairs. Pick C is incorrect considering it fails to fully address the situation with parents, and it keeps students from enjoying a valuable experience.

32. A heart school yearbook staff is at a loss virtually how to program for the distribution of their books. Which of the following is the best proposition the adviser can provide almost how to begin?

  1. Making a list, because compiling receipts and names will brand the process run more than smoothly
  2. Gathering the necessities, because reserving the room and supplies is important to whatsoever distribution
  3. Finding reinforcements, because the more than help that the staff receives from teachers and parents the ameliorate
  4. Looking at the volume, because taking time to enjoy the production will assist get the staff motivated
Enter to aggrandize or collapse answer. Answer expanded
Selection A is correct because a distribution list is essential to any kind of distribution. The students will be able to sign off that they received a volume, and the staff can keep track of who has picked upwardly a volume. This will besides aid in case of a discrepancy, or if a pupil has left the schoolhouse or is absent on the day of distribution. Option B is wrong because reserving the room and supplies should not be the first step in organizing distribution. The staff might later determine that the distribution will occur during a class menses, then reserving the gym or cafeteria may not be necessary at all. Option C is incorrect considering finding reinforcements should exist 1 of the last steps in the distribution procedure. Other decisions must be made before profitable teachers and parents can be told of their roles. Option D is incorrect because, although looking through the book and taking time to enjoy the product is essential to any kind of cosmos and distribution process, information technology will not assist a confused staff. Although this footstep may motivate the staff, enjoyment of the product volition not bring clarity to the situation.

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